Tag: AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER

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Data centers: Innovations to handle increasing heat loads with limited cooling resources

June 08, 2026

Brandon White, Engineer, Experimental Research Electricity demand from data centers in the U.S. could double or even triple by 2028, potentially accounting for roughly 12% of total national electricity consumption. The surge is driven by GPU‑accelerated AI workloads, which generate considerably higher heat fluxes than traditional servers. To keep pace with the...
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• DIGITAL TWIN
• DATA CENTER
• CFD
• API 661
• AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER
• AIR COOLED

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Adopting a digital transformation framework

December 08, 2025

HTRI staff Edward Ishiyama, Simon Pugh, and James Kennedy recently published an article in the December 2025 issue of Refining India. This article explores how our digital transformation platform can enhance the way operators monitor, manage, and optimize heat exchangers and fired heaters. To read the entire issue, click the following...
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• XACE
• SMARTPM
• HEAT EXCHANGERS
• FIRED HEATER
• DIGITAL TWIN
• AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER

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Visualizing the impact of wind on air-cooled heat exchanger performance

October 13, 2025

Salem Bouhairie, Group Lead Research The performance of air-cooled heat exchangers (ACHE) is prone to the effects of wind. Wind has a greater effect on ACHEs operating in natural draft (buoyancy-driven air flow) than ACHEs operating in forced draft (fan-driven air flow). Subsequently, engineers follow API 661 guidelines that recognize the...
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• XACE
• RTC
• HEAT EXCHANGERS
• API 661
• AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER
• AIR COOLED

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AC-21 Development of Enhancements for Air-cooled Condensers

February 25, 2025

Under the sponsorship of the RAPID Institute, HTRI investigated the use of fluttering reed and acoustic actuation technologies to enhance the performance of air-cooled condensers. Performed on a “radiator-sized” brazed plate-fin test exchanger in the Scaled-down Air Cooler Unit (SACU), testing demonstrated that the fluttering reed technology enhances heat transfer despite imperfect flow passages. While...
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• ENHANCEMENTS
• CONDENSERS
• AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER

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HTRI Training: A Global Success Story

February 11, 2025

Over the past year, HTRI Training has been well received, engaging over 900 users across the globe. We conducted 14 online workshops, 13 live webinars, 9 in-person events (in China, Europe, Japan, Korea, and US), and 6 sessions for individual companies (in Australia, Canada, India, Spain, and US). Click images to enlarge...
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• WORKSHOP
• TUTORIAL
• SHORT COURSE
• ELEARNING
• XPHE
• XIST
• XFH ULTRA
• XACE
• WEBINAR
• SHELL-AND-TUBE
• REBOILERS
• CONDENSERS
• AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER

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Experimental testing of two-phase maldistribution in air-cooler headers can lead to more effective header design

April 03, 2024

Salem Bouhairie, Group Lead, Research Air-cooled heat exchangers (ACHEs) in the oil, gas, and power industries often process two-phase fluids, and their performance is usually limited by the airside thermal transfer resistance. However, flow on the tube side can undergo phase change, such as by vapor condensation or liquid vaporization, producing...
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• AIR COOLED
• MULTIPURPOSE VISUALIZATION UNIT
• MALDISTRIBUTION
• XACE
• AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER

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Two-phase flow in air-cooled heat exchangers

June 10, 2020

Brandon White, Test Engineer Air-cooled heat exchangers are one of the most widely used types of heat exchangers. At times, they can experience two-phase flow separation and flow maldistribution inside their header boxes, potentially reducing process heat transfer. At HTRI’s Research & Technology Center, we are currently working on a project...
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• AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER
• XACE
• TWO-PHASE FLOW

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Case Study - Reducing Hot Air Recirculation around Air-cooled Heat Exchangers

April 13, 2020

Download Case Study PDF SUMMARY An engineering, procurement, and construction company needed to enhance the performance of a bank of API 661 air-cooled heat exchangers (ACHEs) at a refinery. HTRI was asked to optimize the installation of two new forced-draft ACHEs, which were to be appended to seven existing induced-draft ACHEs....
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• XACE
• CFD
• CASE STUDY
• AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER
• AIR COOLED

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Simulating air-cooler header and fan performance informs physical testing plans

June 05, 2019

Salem A. Bouhairie, Senior Project Engineer, Research Both tubeside and airside behavior affect the overall performance of an air cooler. Two concerns with air-cooled heat exchanger (ACHE) operation are two-phase process-side maldistribution in headers and misrated airside fan performance. At HTRI’s Research & Technology Center (RTC), we are developing plans to...
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• AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER
• AIR-COOLED UNIT
• XACE
• CFD

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